No skeletal dysplasia in the nariokotome boy KNM‐WT 15000 (homo erectus)—A reassessment of congenital pathologies of the vertebral column
Identifieur interne : 000371 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000370; suivant : 000372No skeletal dysplasia in the nariokotome boy KNM‐WT 15000 (homo erectus)—A reassessment of congenital pathologies of the vertebral column
Auteurs : Regula Schiess [Suisse] ; Martin Haeusler [Suisse]Source :
- American Journal of Physical Anthropology [ 0002-9483 ] ; 2013-03.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- abnormalities : Spine.
- pathology : Spina Bifida Occulta, Spinal Canal, Spine.
- Animals, Fossils, Hominidae, Male, Paleopathology, Skeleton.
Abstract
The Nariokotome boy skeleton KNM‐WT 15000 is the most complete Homo erectus fossil and therefore is key for understanding human evolution. Nevertheless, since Latimer and Ohman (2001) reported on severe congenital pathology in KNM‐WT 15000, it is questionable whether this skeleton can still be used as reference for Homo erectus skeletal biology. The asserted pathologies include platyspondylic and diminutive vertebrae implying a disproportionately short stature; spina bifida; condylus tertius; spinal stenosis; and scoliosis. Based on this symptom complex, the differential diagnosis of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, an extremely rare form of skeletal dysplasia, has been proposed. Yet, our reanalysis of these pathologies shows that the shape of the KNM‐WT 15000 vertebrae matches that of normal modern human adolescents. The vertebrae are not abnormally flat, show no endplate irregularities, and thus are not platyspondylic. As this is the hallmark of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda and related forms of skeletal dysplasia, the absence of platyspondyly refutes axial dysplasia and disproportionate dwarfism. Furthermore, we neither found evidence for spina bifida occulta nor manifesta, whereas the condylus tertius, a developmental anomaly of the cranial base, is not related to skeletal dysplasias. Other fossils indicate that the relatively small size of the vertebrae and the narrow spinal canal are characteristics of early hominins rather than congenital pathologies. Except for the recently described signs of traumatic lumbar disc herniation, the Nariokotome boy fossil therefore seems to belong to a normal Homo erectus youth without pathologies of the axial skeleton. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22211
Affiliations:
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Anthropol.</title><idno type="ISSN">0002-9483</idno><idno type="eISSN">1096-8644</idno><imprint><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2013-03">2013-03</date><biblScope unit="volume">150</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="365">365</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="374">374</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0002-9483</idno></series><idno type="istex">4CE9C080552E0619E83AB7C43AC44E2261FC88D8</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/ajpa.22211</idno><idno type="ArticleID">AJPA22211</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0002-9483</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Fossils</term><term>Hominidae</term><term>Male</term><term>Paleopathology</term><term>Skeleton</term><term>Spina Bifida Occulta (pathology)</term><term>Spinal Canal (pathology)</term><term>Spine (abnormalities)</term><term>Spine (pathology)</term><term>axial dysplasia</term><term>early hominins</term><term>paleopathology</term><term>spine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="abnormalities" xml:lang="en"><term>Spine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Spina Bifida Occulta</term><term>Spinal Canal</term><term>Spine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Fossils</term><term>Hominidae</term><term>Male</term><term>Paleopathology</term><term>Skeleton</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The Nariokotome boy skeleton KNM‐WT 15000 is the most complete Homo erectus fossil and therefore is key for understanding human evolution. Nevertheless, since Latimer and Ohman (2001) reported on severe congenital pathology in KNM‐WT 15000, it is questionable whether this skeleton can still be used as reference for Homo erectus skeletal biology. The asserted pathologies include platyspondylic and diminutive vertebrae implying a disproportionately short stature; spina bifida; condylus tertius; spinal stenosis; and scoliosis. Based on this symptom complex, the differential diagnosis of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, an extremely rare form of skeletal dysplasia, has been proposed. Yet, our reanalysis of these pathologies shows that the shape of the KNM‐WT 15000 vertebrae matches that of normal modern human adolescents. The vertebrae are not abnormally flat, show no endplate irregularities, and thus are not platyspondylic. As this is the hallmark of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda and related forms of skeletal dysplasia, the absence of platyspondyly refutes axial dysplasia and disproportionate dwarfism. Furthermore, we neither found evidence for spina bifida occulta nor manifesta, whereas the condylus tertius, a developmental anomaly of the cranial base, is not related to skeletal dysplasias. Other fossils indicate that the relatively small size of the vertebrae and the narrow spinal canal are characteristics of early hominins rather than congenital pathologies. Except for the recently described signs of traumatic lumbar disc herniation, the Nariokotome boy fossil therefore seems to belong to a normal Homo erectus youth without pathologies of the axial skeleton. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Suisse</li></country></list><tree><country name="Suisse"><noRegion><name sortKey="Schiess, Regula" sort="Schiess, Regula" uniqKey="Schiess R" first="Regula" last="Schiess">Regula Schiess</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Haeusler, Martin" sort="Haeusler, Martin" uniqKey="Haeusler M" first="Martin" last="Haeusler">Martin Haeusler</name><name sortKey="Haeusler, Martin" sort="Haeusler, Martin" uniqKey="Haeusler M" first="Martin" last="Haeusler">Martin Haeusler</name><name sortKey="Haeusler, Martin" sort="Haeusler, Martin" uniqKey="Haeusler M" first="Martin" last="Haeusler">Martin Haeusler</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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